Here is the dd command
dd if=FreeBSD-14.2-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img of=/dev/da1 bs=1M conv=sync status=progress
Monday, December 23, 2024
Saturday, December 14, 2024
How to activate Windows 11?
Go to https://github.com/massgravel/Microsoft-Activation-Scripts and follow the instructions.
Or download Windows LTSC (Long-Term Servicing Channel) from https://massgrave.dev/windows_ltsc_links#win11-iot-enterprise-ltsc-2024
Windows LTSC is intended for IoT and does not require a product key.
Tuesday, December 3, 2024
A problem occured while reading the OVA-FIle, Type Error - RHEL, Centos 9
Are you deploying vCenter from a Redhat workstation by any chance?
If so try installing the libnsl package via the command dnf install libnsl then then try deploying again!
vCenter Server 8.0 appliance deployment fails while performing vCenter server 8.0 deployment using a UI installer on the RHEL 9 operating system, the deployment wizard fails with an error message: A problem occurred while reading the OVA File: TypeError: Cannot read properties of undefined reading 'length'.
On the RHEL operating system, install the libnsl package using the command
dnf install libnsl.
Ensure to configure the required repositories prior to execution of the command.
#VCSA, #OVF, #OVA
Friday, November 29, 2024
VMware vSAN ESA - storage performance testing
I have just finished my first VMware vSAN ESA Plan, Design, Implement project and had a chance to test vSAN ESA performance. Every storage should be stressed and tested before being put into production. VMware's software-defined hyperconverged storage (vSAN) is no different. It is even more important because the server's CPU, RAM, and Network are leveraged to emulate enterprise-class storage.
Sunday, November 17, 2024
ESXi update from cli
Step 1: upload the VMware-ESXi-8.0U3b-24280767-depot.zip file to a datastore accessible by the host.
esxcli software sources profile list -d /vmfs/volumes/[datastore]/VMware-ESXi-8.0U3b-24280767-depot.zip
esxcli software profile update -d “/vmfs/volumes/[datastore]/VMware-ESXi-8.0U3b-24280767-depot.zip” -p ESXi-8.0U3b-24280767-standard
Saturday, November 16, 2024
VMware vCenter (VCSA) Update via shell command software-packages.py
Online update
cd /usr/lib/applmgmt/support/scripts
./software-packages.py stage --url --acceptEulas
./software-packages.py list --staged
./software-packages.py validate
./software-packages.py install
ISO update
Download the VCSA patch which should end with FP.iso from support.brocade.com > selecting VC and the version.
Upload the file to a datastore and map it to the VCSA VM through CD / DVD Drive option.
Patch the VCSA from CLI.
Run the following commands
software-packages.py stage –-iso
software-packages.py list –-staged
software-packages.py install –-staged
Reboot the VCSA VM.
This should patch the VCSA
Thursday, November 14, 2024
Mount SFTP share via sshfs
#!/bin/bash
sshfs david.pasek@gmail.com@sftp.virtix.cloud:./ ~/mnt/sftp -p 55022
Wednesday, November 13, 2024
OpenNebula - VMware Alternative
Web Admin Management Interface (SunStone) is at https://[IP]:2616
Main Admin User Name: oneadmin
Default network is 172.16.100/24
Tuesday, November 12, 2024
Monitoring VMware vSphere with Zabbix
Source: https://vmattroman.com/monitoring-vmware-vsphere-with-zabbix/
- 20/10/2024
- by Mateusz Romaniuk
- No Comments
Zabbix is an open-source monitoring tool designed to oversee various components of IT infrastructure, including networks, servers, virtual machines, and cloud services. It operates using both agent-based and agentless monitoring methods. Agents can be installed on monitored devices to collect performance data and report back to a centralized Zabbix server.
Zabbix provides comprehensive integration capabilities for monitoring VMware environments, including ESXi hypervisors, vCenter servers, and virtual machines (VMs). This integration allows administrators to effectively track performance metrics and resource usage across their VMware infrastructure.
In this post, I will show you how setup Zabbix monitoring with VMware vSpehre infrastructure.
Jak zabránit čekání na obnoveni NFS datastore při startu ESXi?
Jak zabránit čekání na obnoveni NFS datastore při startu ESXi?
Když vám ESXi odmítá startovat 1-2 hodiny, protože se pokouší připojit NFS datastore, které jsou dávno odstraněné.
1. Proveďte restart ESXi
2. Stiskněte Shift+O při startu
3. Na konec řádku zadejte jumpstart.disable=restore-nfs-
4. Potvrďte pomocí klávesy Enter
Backup and restore ESXi host configuration data using command line
Source: https://vmattroman.com/backup_
Backup and restore ESXi host configuration data using command line
- 25/09/2024
- by Mateusz Romaniuk
- No Comments
In some cases we need to reinstall ESXi host. To avoid time consuming setting up servers, we can quickly backup and restore host configuration. To achieve this, there are three possible ways: ESXi command line, vSphere CLI or PowerCLI.
In this article I will show how backup and restore host configuration data using ESXi command line.
Monday, November 4, 2024
What is ESXi Core Dump Size?
ESXi host Purple Screen of Death (PSOD) happens when VMkernel experiences a critical failure. This can be due to hardware issues, driver problems, etc. During the PSOD event, the ESXi hypervisor captures a core dump to help diagnose the cause of the failure. Here’s what happens during this process.
Sunday, November 3, 2024
List devices
esxcli storage core device list
Get S.M.A.R.T information
[root@esx24:~] esxcli storage core device smart get -d t10.NVMe____KINGSTON_SNVS1000GB_____________________55FA224178B72600
[root@esx24:~] esxcli storage core device smart get -d eui.0000000001000000e4d25c0f232d5101
The output looks like this
VMware KB: https://knowledge.broadcom.com/external/article/314303/displaying-smart-data-for-nvme-devices-i.html
Saturday, November 2, 2024
Install and setup xfcw window manager in Centos 9
Install and setup xfcw window manager in Centos 9
sudo dnf -y groupinstall "Xfce"
Optional if multi-user console is used as default target. This would configure the system to boot into the graphical interface by default.
sudo systemctl set-default graphical.target
echo "xfce4-session" > $HOME/.xsession
chmod +x $HOME/.xsession
sudo reboot
Applications are defined in directory /usr/share/applications
Every application has its own definition file with file extension .desktop
For example you can use file chrome.desktop with the following content
[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Name=Chrome
Comment=Google Chrome
Exec=/opt/google/chrome/chrome
Icon=/opt/google/chrome/product_logo_64.png
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Network;WebBrowser;
Thursday, October 31, 2024
pktcap-uw and tcpdump-uw
List VMs and their uplinks.
netdbg vswitch instance list
Capture DHCP traffic (udp 67, udp 67) n vmnic0 interface and send it to tcpdump to filter DHCP communication.
pktcap-uw --uplink vmnic1 --capture UplinkRcvKernel,UplinkSndKernel -o - | tcpdump-uw -r - udp port 67 or udp port 68
14:45:46.375602 IP 0.0.0.0.bootpc > 255.255.255.255.bootps: BOOTP/DHCP, Request from 00:50:56:99:fe:6a (oui Unknown), length 300
14:45:46.376233 IP 192.168.4.5.bootps > 192.168.4.178.bootpc: BOOTP/DHCP, Reply, length 307
For more info see. https://knowledge.broadcom.com/external/article?articleNumber=341568
Filter TCP Open Connections
This is the tcpdump command to display attempts to open TCP connections (TCP SYN) from IP address 192.168.123.22
pktcap-uw --uplink vmnic4 --capture UplinkRcvKernel,UplinkSndKernel -o - | tcpdump-uw -r - 'src host 192.168.123.22 and tcp[tcpflags] & tcp-syn != 0 and tcp[tcpflags] & tcp-ack == 0'
Explanation:
-n→ Do not resolve hostnames.-i <interface>→ Specify the network interface (e.g.,eth0).'src host 192.168.123.22'→ Filter packets from the source IP192.168.123.22.'tcp[tcpflags] & tcp-syn != 0'→ Match packets where the SYN flag is set.'tcp[tcpflags] & tcp-ack == 0'→ Ensure the ACK flag is not set (to exclude SYN-ACK responses).
Wednesday, October 30, 2024
Colossus AI Supercluster with over 100,000 @NVIDIA H100 GPUs
Source: https://nvidianews.nvidia.com/
Inside the @xai Colossus AI Supercluster with over 100,000 @NVIDIA H100 GPUs. If you want to see why the @Supermicro_SMCI liquid-cooled cluster is awesome, then check this one out.
O čem to video je?
100 000 GPU v datacentru
2 CPU and 8 GPU in 4U server chassis
8x server per rack
Takže 64 GPU per rack
1 563 racků v datacentru
Chlazení kapalinou. Liquid cooling.
Tuesday, October 29, 2024
Sunday, October 27, 2024
How to resize the disk of a Fedora guest VM in VMWare ESXi
This is a bit of a cut'n'paste of a document I wrote for internal use and although it probably over-answers your question I thought I'd put it on here in case it's of use to you or others OK.
Login to the machine as root or
sudoeach of the following commands, enterfdisk –l, you should see something like this;Disk /dev/sda: 21.1 GB, 21xxxxxxxxx bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux /dev/sda2 14 2610 20860402+ 8e Linux LVMIn this case I've altered the values but as you can see this machine has a single ~20GB root virtual disk with two partitions, sda1 and sda2, sda2 is our first LVM 'physical volume', see how LVM uses a partition type of '8e'.
Now type
pvdisplay, you'll see a section for this first PV (sda2) like this;--- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda2 VG Name rootvg PV Size 19.89 GB / not usable 19.30 MB Allocatable yes (but full) PE Size (KByte) 32768 Total PE 636 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 636 PV UUID PgwRdY-EvCC-b5lO-Qrnx-tkrd-m16k-eQ9beCThis shows that this second partition (sda2) is mapped to a 'volume group' called 'rootvg'.
Now we can increase the size of the virtual disk using the usual vSphere VSClient by selecting the VM, choosing to 'edit settings', then selecting 'Hard Disk 1'. You can then increase the 'Provisioned Size' number – so long as there are no snapshots in place anyway – and select OK. This will take a few seconds to complete.
If you then switch back to the Linux VM and enter
echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/hostX/scanwhere the X character is likely to be zero, it will perform a SCSI bus rescan, then run
fdisk –l, you should see something like;Disk /dev/sda: 42.2 GB, 42xxxxxxxxx bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux /dev/sda2 14 2610 20860402+ 8e Linux LVMYou'll see that the disk size has increased, in this case to ~40GB from ~20GB but that the partition table remains the same.
We now need to create a new LVM partition, type
parted, you should see something like this;GNU Parted 1.8.1 Using /dev/sda Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands. (parted)You'll now need to create a new partition for the extra new space, type 'p' to see the current partition table such as this;
Model: VMware Virtual disk (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 42.9GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 32.3kB 107MB 107MB primary ext3 boot 2 107MB 21.5GB 21.4GB primary lvmThen type
mkpart, then select 'p' for 'Primary', for file system type enter 'ext3', for start enter a number a little higher than the combination of both 'sizes' listed above (i.e. 107MB + 21.4GB, so say 21.6GB), for end type the size of the disk (i.e. in this case 42.9GB). Once you press enter it will create this new primary partition, type 'p' to show the new partition table, you should see something like;Model: VMware Virtual disk (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 42.9GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 32.3kB 107MB 107MB primary ext3 boot 2 107MB 21.5GB 21.4GB primary lvm 3 21.5GB 42.9GB 21.5GB primary ext3You'll see that the new partition started after the first two and fills the available space, unfortunately we had to set it to a type of 'ext3', so let's change that.
Type 't', then the partition number (in our case 3 as it's the third partition), then for the 'hex code' enter '8e' – once you'd done this type 'p' again and you should see it change to 'Linux LVM';
Disk /dev/sda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes ads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux /dev/sda2 14 2610 20860402+ 8e Linux LVM /dev/sda3 2611 5221 20972857+ 8e Linux LVMNow we need to create a new LVM 'physical volume' in this new partition, type
pvcreate /dev/sda3, this should then create a new LVM PV called /dev/sda3, typepvdisplayto check;--- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda3 VG Name PV Size 20.00 GB / not usable 1.31 MB Allocatable no PE Size (KByte) 0 Total PE 0 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID gpYPUv-XdeL-TxKJ-GYCa-iWcy-9bG6-tfZtShYou should see something similar to above.
Now we need to extend the 'rootvg Volume Group', or create a new one for non-root 'volume group', type
vgdisplayto list all 'volume groups', here's an example;--- Volume group --- VG Name rootvg System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 2 Metadata Sequence No 19 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 8 Open LV 8 Max PV 0 Cur PV 2 Act PV 2 VG Size 21.3 GB PE Size 32.00 MB Total PE 1276 Alloc PE / Size 846 / 26.44 GB Free PE / Size 430 / 13.44 GB VG UUID tGM4ja-k6es-la0H-LcX6-1FMY-6p2g-SRYtfYIf you want to extend the 'rootvg Volume Group' type
vgextend rootvg /dev/sda3, once you press enter you should see a message saying the 'volume group' has been extended.If you wanted to create a new 'volume group' you'll need to use the
vgcreatecommand – probably best call me for help with that.
Once extended enter
vgdisplayagain to see that the 'rootvg' 'volume group' has indeed been extended such as here;--- Volume group --- VG Name rootvg System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 2 Metadata Sequence No 19 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 8 Open LV 8 Max PV 0 Cur PV 2 Act PV 2 VG Size 39.88 GB PE Size 32.00 MB Total PE 1276 Alloc PE / Size 846 / 26.44 GB Free PE / Size 430 / 13.44 GB VG UUID tGM4ja-k6es-la0H-LcX6-1FMY-6p2g-SRYtfYYou can see the 'VG Size' is as expected.
Now we need to extend the 'logical volume', type
lvdisplayto show our 'logical volumes', you'll see something like;--- Logical volume --- LV Name /dev/rootvg/var VG Name rootvg LV UUID NOP1jF-09Xt-LkX5-ai4w-Srqb-xGka-nYbI2J LV Write Access read/write LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 3.00 GB Current LE 320 Segments 3 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto currently set to 256 Block device 253:2If we want to expand the /var file system from 3GB to 10GB then type
lvextend –L 10G /dev/rootvg/var, now typelvdisplayagain, you'll see the 'logical volume' has grown to 10GB;--- Logical volume --- LV Name /dev/rootvg/var VG Name rootvg LV UUID NOP1jF-09Xt-LkX5-ai4w-Srqb-xGka-nYbI2J LV Write Access read/write LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 10.00 GB Current LE 320 Segments 3 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto currently set to 256 Block device 253:2Now the last thing we need to do is to grow the actual file system, this doesn't have to use all of the newly added space by the way. Enter
df –hto show the current filesystems, here's an example;Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/rootvg-root 2.0G 1.4G 495M 74% / /dev/mapper/rootvg-home 248M 124M 113M 53% /home /dev/mapper/rootvg-var 3.0G 1.1G 1.8G 30% /var /dev/mapper/rootvg-usr 3.0G 936M 1.9G 34% /usr /dev/mapper/rootvg-opt 3.0G 811M 2.0G 29% /optIf we want to expand the /var file system from 3GB to 10GB then type
resize2fs /dev/mapper/rootvg-var(or on CentOS maybexfs_growfs /dev/mapper/rootvg-var, or similar commands depending on the type of file system). When you press enter the actual filesystem will grow, this may take time, enterdf –honce completed to check.Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/rootvg-root 2.0G 1.4G 495M 74% / /dev/mapper/rootvg-home 248M 124M 113M 53% /home /dev/mapper/rootvg-var 9.88G 1.1G 8.2G 12% /var /dev/mapper/rootvg-usr 3.0G 936M 1.9G 34% /usr /dev/mapper/rootvg-opt 3.0G 811M 2.0G 29% /opt
You're now finished!
Subscribe to:
Comments (Atom)